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  <title>赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝 | 永恒的金色年华</title>
  <meta name="description" content="赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝一、赋值（Copy） 赋值是将某一数值或对象赋给某个变量的过程，分为： 1、基本数据类型：赋值，赋值之后两个变量互不影响 2、引用数据类型：赋址，两个变量具有相同的引用，指向同一个对象，相互之间有影响 对基本类型进行赋值操作，两个变量互不影响。 123456789&gt;&#x2F;&#x2F; saucxs&gt;let a &#x3D; &quot;saucxs&quot;;&gt;let b &#x3D; a;">
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      赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝
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        <h1 id="赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝"><a href="#赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝" class="headerlink" title="赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝"></a>赋值、浅拷贝和深拷贝</h1><h4 id="一、赋值（Copy）"><a href="#一、赋值（Copy）" class="headerlink" title="一、赋值（Copy）"></a>一、赋值（Copy）</h4><blockquote>
<p>赋值是将某一<strong>数值或对象</strong>赋给某个<strong>变量</strong>的过程，分为：</p>
<p>1、基本数据类型：赋值，赋值之后两个变量互不影响</p>
<p>2、引用数据类型：赋<strong>址</strong>，两个变量具有相同的引用，指向同一个对象，相互之间有影响</p>
<p>对基本类型进行赋值操作，两个变量互不影响。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> a = <span class="string">&quot;saucxs&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> b = a;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);  <span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;a = <span class="string">&quot;change&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(a);   <span class="comment">// change</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);    <span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="" alt="点击并拖拽以移动"></p>
<p>对引用类型进行赋<strong>址</strong>操作，两个变量指向同一个对象，改变变量 a 之后会影响变量 b，哪怕改变的只是对象 a 中的基本类型数据。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> a = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   name: <span class="string">&quot;saucxs&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   book: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       title: <span class="string">&quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       price: <span class="string">&quot;45&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> b = a;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;saucxs&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;45&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125; </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;a.name = <span class="string">&quot;change&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;a.book.price = <span class="string">&quot;55&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(a);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;change&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;55&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125; </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;change&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;55&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="" alt="点击并拖拽以移动"></p>
<p>通常在开发中并不希望改变变量 a 之后会影响到变量 b，这时就需要用到浅拷贝和深拷贝。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="二、浅拷贝（Shallow-Copy）"><a href="#二、浅拷贝（Shallow-Copy）" class="headerlink" title="二、浅拷贝（Shallow Copy）"></a>二、浅拷贝（Shallow Copy）</h4><blockquote>
<p><strong>1、什么是浅拷贝</strong></p>
<p><strong>创建一个新对象，这个对象有着原始对象属性值的一份精确拷贝</strong>。如果属性是基本类型，拷贝的就是基本类型的值，如果属性是引用类型，拷贝的就是内存地址 ，所以如果其中一个对象改变了这个地址，就会影响到另一个对象。</p>
<p><img src="https://www.mwcxs.top/static/upload/pics/2019/2/16oMJJeom39jby2TqBYMYYqeMY.png" alt="img"><img src="" alt="点击并拖拽以移动"></p>
<p>上图中，<code>SourceObject</code> 是原对象，其中包含基本类型属性 <code>field1</code> 和引用类型属性 <code>refObj</code>。浅拷贝之后基本类型数据 <code>field2</code> 和 <code>filed1</code> 是不同属性，互不影响。但引用类型 <code>refObj</code> 仍然是同一个，改变之后会对另一个对象产生影响。</p>
<p>简单来说可以理解为浅拷贝只解决了第一层的问题，拷贝第一层的<strong>基本类型值</strong>，以及第一层的<strong>引用类型地址</strong>。</p>
<p><strong>2、浅拷贝使用场景</strong></p>
<p><strong>2.1 Object.assign()</strong></p>
<p><code>Object.assign()</code> 方法用于将所有可枚举属性的值从一个或多个源对象复制到目标对象。它将返回目标对象。</p>
<p>有些文章说<code>Object.assign()</code> 是深拷贝，其实这是不正确的。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> a = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   name: <span class="string">&quot;saucxs&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   book: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       title: <span class="string">&quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       price: <span class="string">&quot;45&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> b = <span class="built_in">Object</span>.assign(&#123;&#125;, a);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;saucxs&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;45&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125; </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;a.name = <span class="string">&quot;change&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;a.book.price = <span class="string">&quot;55&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(a);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;change&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;55&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125; </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;saucxs&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;55&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="" alt="点击并拖拽以移动"></p>
<p>上面代码改变对象 a 之后，对象 b 的基本属性保持不变。但是当改变对象 a 中的对象 <code>book</code> 时，对象 b 相应的位置也发生了变化。</p>
<p><strong>2.2 展开语法 <code>Spread</code></strong></p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> a = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   name: <span class="string">&quot;saucxs&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   book: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       title: <span class="string">&quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">       price: <span class="string">&quot;45&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> b = &#123;...a&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;saucxs&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;45&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125; </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;a.name = <span class="string">&quot;change&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;a.book.price = <span class="string">&quot;55&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(a);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;change&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;55&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125; </span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	name: &quot;saucxs&quot;,</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// 	book: &#123;title: &quot;You Don&#x27;t Know JS&quot;, price: &quot;55&quot;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// &#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="" alt="点击并拖拽以移动"></p>
<p><strong>2.3 Array.prototype.slice方法</strong></p>
<p>slice不会改变原数组，<code>slice()</code> 方法返回一个新的数组对象，这一对象是一个由 <code>begin</code>和 <code>end</code>（不包括<code>end</code>）决定的原数组的<strong>浅拷贝</strong>。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// saucxs</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> a = [<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="string">&quot;1&quot;</span>, [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>]];</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> b = a.slice(<span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// [&quot;1&quot;, [2, 3]]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;a[<span class="number">1</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;99&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;a[<span class="number">2</span>][<span class="number">0</span>] = <span class="number">4</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(a);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">// [0, &quot;99&quot;, [4, 3]]</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="built_in">console</span>.log(b);</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="comment">//  [&quot;1&quot;, [4, 3]]</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="" alt="点击并拖拽以移动"></p>
<p>可以看出，改变 <code>a[1]</code> 之后 <code>b[0]</code> 的值并没有发生变化，但改变 <code>a[2][0]</code> 之后，相应的 <code>b[1][0]</code> 的值也发生变化。</p>
<p><strong>说明 <code>slice()</code> 方法是浅拷贝</strong>，相应的还有<code>concat</code>等，在工作中面对复杂数组结构要额外注意。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="三、深拷贝的方法"><a href="#三、深拷贝的方法" class="headerlink" title="三、深拷贝的方法"></a>三、深拷贝的方法</h4><blockquote>
<h3 id="1-JSON转换"><a href="#1-JSON转换" class="headerlink" title="1.JSON转换"></a>1.JSON转换</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">var</span> targetObj = <span class="built_in">JSON</span>.parse(<span class="built_in">JSON</span>.stringify(copyObj))</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">let</span> arr4 = <span class="built_in">JSON</span>.parse(<span class="built_in">JSON</span>.stringify(arr))</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>缺点：</p>
<p>（1）如果对象里有函数,函数无法被拷贝下来</p>
<p>（2）无法拷贝copyObj对象原型链上的属性和方法</p>
<p>（3）当数据的层次很深，会栈溢出</p>
<h3 id="2-普通递归函数"><a href="#2-普通递归函数" class="headerlink" title="2.普通递归函数"></a>2.普通递归函数</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">deepCopy</span>(<span class="params"> source </span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="keyword">if</span> (!isObject(source)) <span class="keyword">return</span> source; <span class="comment">//如果不是对象的话直接返回</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">let</span> target = <span class="built_in">Array</span>.isArray( source ) ? [] : &#123;&#125; <span class="comment">//数组兼容</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">for</span> ( <span class="keyword">var</span> k <span class="keyword">in</span> source ) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   	<span class="keyword">if</span> (source.hasOwnProperty(k)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   		<span class="keyword">if</span> ( <span class="keyword">typeof</span> source[ k ] === <span class="string">&#x27;object&#x27;</span> ) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">           	target[ k ] = deepCopy( source[ k ] )</span><br><span class="line">       	&#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">           	target[ k ] = source[ k ]</span><br><span class="line">       	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">   	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> target</span><br><span class="line">&gt;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">isObject</span>(<span class="params">obj</span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">typeof</span> obj === <span class="string">&#x27;object&#x27;</span> &amp;&amp; obj !== <span class="literal">null</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>缺点：</p>
<p>（1）无法保持引用</p>
<p>（2）当数据的层次很深，会栈溢出</p>
<h3 id="3-防栈溢出函数"><a href="#3-防栈溢出函数" class="headerlink" title="3.防栈溢出函数"></a>3.防栈溢出函数</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt;<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">cloneLoop</span>(<span class="params">x</span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">const</span> root = &#123;&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 栈</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">const</span> loopList = [</span><br><span class="line">       &#123;</span><br><span class="line">           parent: root,</span><br><span class="line">           key: <span class="literal">undefined</span>,</span><br><span class="line">           data: x,</span><br><span class="line">       &#125;</span><br><span class="line">   ];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">while</span>(loopList.length) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="comment">// 深度优先</span></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">const</span> node = loopList.pop();</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">const</span> parent = node.parent;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">const</span> key = node.key;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">const</span> data = node.data;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="comment">// 初始化赋值目标，key为undefined则拷贝到父元素，否则拷贝到子元素</span></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">let</span> res = parent;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">typeof</span> key !== <span class="string">&#x27;undefined&#x27;</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">           res = parent[key] = &#123;&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">       &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">for</span>(<span class="keyword">let</span> k <span class="keyword">in</span> data) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">           <span class="keyword">if</span> (data.hasOwnProperty(k)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">               <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">typeof</span> data[k] === <span class="string">&#x27;object&#x27;</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                   <span class="comment">// 下一次循环</span></span><br><span class="line">                   loopList.push(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">                       parent: res,</span><br><span class="line">                       key: k,</span><br><span class="line">                       data: data[k],</span><br><span class="line">                   &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">               &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                   res[k] = data[k];</span><br><span class="line">               &#125;</span><br><span class="line">           &#125;</span><br><span class="line">       &#125;</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> root;</span><br><span class="line">&gt;&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>优点：</p>
<p>（1）不会栈溢出</p>
<p>（2）支持很多层级的数据</p>
</blockquote>

      
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